GPS Spoofing Attacks in FANETs: A Systematic Literature Review

Flying Ad-Hoc Networks (FANETs) are groups of UAVs connected in an manner to accomplish a common mission. The widespread acceptance due their low cost and high efficiency has attracted malicious security attacks against them. These cannot be easily prevented UAVs’ limited computational power, short battery life, inability execute complex algorithms. FANETs rely on the Global Positioning System (GPS) for localization. GPS Spoofing, easy-to-launch attack, is one main challenges FANETs. In which, legitimate not-encrypted civilian signals overridden by counterfeit deceive collide or hijacked. Researchers proposed various countermeasures address Spoofing To further assist future research, this paper provides systematic literature review defense mechanisms. After formulating eight research questions applying well-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria quality assessment tools, 70 articles were extracted. existing mechanisms classified based objectives (i.e., detection, mitigation, and/or prevention) according basis relying readings from drones’ devices/sensors, processing received sensors, employing machine learning algorithms, game theory, leveraging cryptographic techniques authenticate protect confidentiality signals). also analyzed identify attacker models, impacts detection performance. This study found that most methods approaches, rather than mitigation prevention. Also, almost all papers used simulation experiments proof-of-concept implementation, which does not demonstrate convincing performance under realistic mobility propagation models. Moreover, solutions addressed single UAV. Only multiple UAV scenarios none them provided evaluation.